Investigate quantum sensing and computing applied to ATM

• New knowledge and proof-of-concept demonstrations showing how quantum computing and annealing can optimise NP-hard ATM problems in real-time, with quantitative assessments of expected performance gains.
• A prioritized roadmap for adopting post-quantum cryptography in ATM ground and air segments, including hybridisation strategies, implementation guidelines, and potential transition to QKD services.
• Conceptual designs and integration strategies for quantum sensors delivering high-precision, resilient A-PNT as a reliable backup to GNSS, validated through simulations or laboratory prototypes.
• Recommendations for interfacing quantum methods with existing ATM simulators and data infrastructures to accelerate AI/ML workflows, emergency decision-making, separation management, and C-UAS detection.
• Contribution to the SESAR 3 Master Plan by advancing development priority FR-3, informing future ATM architectures, standardisation efforts, and regulatory frameworks for quantum-enabled ATM systems.

1. Quantum Computing in ATM: explore advantages of quantum computing (QC) and quantum annealing (QA) in solving large-scale, real-time optimisation problems in ATM without requiring access to operational quantum hardware; focus on use cases such as trajectory optimisation, traffic flow optimisation, emergency/contingency management, separation management, dynamic airspace configuration, deep learning training, reinforcement learning acceleration, climate modelling, and counter-UAS classification. 2. Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) in ATM: assess current and future cyber-security and cryptographic needs of ATM ground-ground and air-ground communications; define a short-term hybridisation and phase-in roadmap for PQC adoption; leverage and adapt existing PQC research; demonstrate awareness of the European ATM communications infrastructure; optionally explore integration with Euro-QCI QKD services. 3. Quantum Sensing for Navigation: investigate integration of quantum sensors into navigation systems to provide resilient, high-precision Alternative Position, Navigation and Timing (A-PNT) across all flight phases; propose sensor architectures, algorithms and integration strategies; assess impact on data-link communications; justify and explore additional quantum sensing applications in ATM. Projects must align with the FR-3 development priority, cover one or more of the three research elements, and respect Horizon Europe admissibility and eligibility criteria.